一、声旁表音Ⅰ. How Helpful Can a Phonetic Radical Be?

形声字的声旁有的能够准确表音，大多数情况下是部分表音。汉字的拼音由声母、韵母和声调三部分组成，根据声旁的表音程度不同，大致有以下六种情况：

Sometimes a phonetic radical may match the pronunciation of a hanzi exactly, but in most cases the phonetic radical just gives a rough idea of the pronunciation. Next we'll discuss the matter in greater detail based on the Chinese pronunciation system called pinyin. Every monosyllabic character has a pinyin which consists of three parts: a consonant, a vowel and an intonation. The semantic-phonetic characters fall into six types in terms of how the phonetic radical relates to the pinyin:

（1）声母、韵母、声调都相同，如：

Same consonant, vowel and intonation：

（2）声母、韵母同，但声调不同，如：

Same consonant and vowel, but different intonation：

（3）声母同，声调同，韵母不同，如：

Same consonant and intonation, but different vowel：

（4）韵母同，声调同，声母不同，如：

Same vowel and intonation, but different consonant：

（5）声母、韵母、声调三者中只有一个相同，如：

Same in any one of consonant, vowel or intonation：

声母同Same consonant：

韵母同Same vowel：

声调同Same intonation：

赌dǔ - 者zhě

（6）声母、韵母、声调都不同，如：

Different consonant, vowel and intonation：

二、学汉字，注意声旁的表音作用 Ⅲ. Learn the Following Hanzi and Pay Attention to Their Phonetic Radicals

【巴】bā hope earnestly; the old name for Sichuan

爸  bà  8画  father

吧  ba  7画  a modal particle used at the end of a sentence

爬  pá  8画  climb

【马】  mǎ    horse

妈  mā  6画  mother

吗  ma  6画  an interrogative particle used at the end of a question

【可】  kě    but; can

哥  gē  10画  elder brother

何  hé  7画  what; why

声旁字Phonetic Radical

【哥】  gē    elder brother

歌  gē  14画  song

【且】  qiě    even; just

姐  jiě  8画  elder sister

祖  zǔ  9画  ancestor

租  zū  10画  rent; hire; lease

组  zǔ  8画  organize; form; group

【弔】（吊）  diào    hang

弟  dì  7画  younger brother

第  dì  11画  a prefix for ordinal numbers

【未】  wèi    not yet

妹  mèi  8画  younger sister

味  wèi  8画  taste

三、读短文，学句子Ⅳ. Short Text

昨天我和爸爸、妈妈、哥哥、姐姐去公园爬山了。我们是坐出租车来的。公园里有很多人，有的唱歌，有的骑马，可热闹了！

（热闹[rè'nào] full of exciting activities）

Yesterday I went to a park by taxi with my dad, mom, elder brother and elder sister. We went to climb the hill. There were lots of people in the park. Some were singing, and some were riding horses. What a happy scene!

太好了，你现在都可以读成段的文字了，是不是很神奇！接下来的几课里，我们会陆续介绍这样的小文章让大家学习。

Wow, look! You can now read a paragraph in Chinese! Wonderful, isn't it? More exercises like this will be given in the ensuing lessons, so you will have more chances to use hanzi in real-life contexts.

四、练习Exercises

1. 汉字形音义填写：

Fill in the blanks in each column with hanzi, pinyin (pronunciation) or English words:

2. 在每组中央方格填上合适的字，使之与左右的字能分别组词（※）：

Fill in the central square in each group with a proper character to form two words as in the given example:

3. 把下列形声字与它们各自的拼音和英译用线连起来：

Match the following semantic-phonetic characters with their pinyin and English translations:

4. 请把以下形声字按组合规律分别归类：

Group the following semantic-phonetic characters according to their structure types:

姐      闻  邮  杯  栋  箱  园  湾  案  爸

站      忠  歌  围  华  骂  宪  斧  岔  闷

1)左形右声 Left semantic + right phonetic

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2)右形左声 Right semantic + left phonetic

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3)上形下声 Top semantic + bottom phonetic

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4)下形上声 Bottom semantic + top phonetic

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5)内形外声 Inner semantic + outer phonetic

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6)外形内声 Outer semantic + inner phonetic

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